What does the change in allele frequencies over generations illustrate about a population?

The change in allele frequencies over generations serves as a key indicator of evolutionary processes occurring within a population. When alleles (gene variants) shift in frequency over time, it suggests that certain traits are being favored or disfavored due to factors such as natural selection, genetic drift, migration, or mutation. This dynamic indicates that the population is not static; rather, it is adapting to its environment or experiencing changes that influence its genetic makeup.

Evolution, by definition, involves these shifts in allele frequency, pointing to changes in the genetic structure of the population. Thus, when observing alterations in allele frequencies, it can be concluded that the population may indeed be undergoing evolution, reflecting ongoing biological processes that enable organisms to adapt over time.